سلامت روان در مدرسه

سلامت روان در مدرسه

درمان اختلالات یادگیری دیکته نویسی با کمک توانبخشی گروهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، سمنان، ایران.
2 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
10.22034/jmhs.2024.451519.1023
چکیده
اخیرا مساله اختلالات ویژه یادگیری به طور چشمگیری مورد توجه متخصصان و دست‌اندرکاران آموزشی قرار گرفته است. یکی از مشکلات اساسی معلمان در کلاس، حضور دانش‌آموزانی است که عقب ماندگی ذهنی و مشکلات جسمی ندارند، اما اختلال یا تاخیر در رشد یک یاچند فرایند اساسی و پایه شامل گفتار، خواندن، نوشتن، حساب و. . . باعث ضعف در رفتارهای اجتماعی و عاطفی و در نتیجه مشکلات جدی در یادگیری و فعالیت‌های تحصیلی آنان می‌شود. این مقاله با هدف تعیین اثر توانبخشی گروهی مبتنی بر یکپارچگی حسی بر مشکلات دیکته نویسی دانش‌آموزان دارای اختلال یادگیری انجام شده است. روش پژوهش از نظر کنترل متغیرها، نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون ـ پس آزمون با گروه کنترل و پیگیری بعد از یکماه می‌باشد. نمونه شامل ۳۰دانش‌آموز در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل بود. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از تست وکسلر جهت تشخیص اختلال یادگیری، از نمونه دیکته و فراوانی غلط‌های دیکته و چک لیست‌های معلم ساخته برای تشخیص اختلال دیکته، از پرسشنامه یکپارچگی حسی- حرکتی(لینکن-اوزرتسکی) و آزمون سرند برای تشخیص مشکلات یکپارچگی حسی- حرکتی استفاده شد. تمرین های گروهی یکپارچگی حسی مثل ادراک دیداری فضایی، تقویت مهارت های ظریف و درشت، جهت یابی و ... باعث برطرف شدن ضعف دیکته نویسی دانش‌آموزان دارای اختلال یادگیری شد، که باعث معناداری نتایج قیاس پیش آزمون و پس آزمون گردید. یافته های پژوهش نشان می دهد که توانبخشی گروهی مبتنی بر یکپارچگی حسی بر مشکلات دیکته نویسی این گروه از دانش‌آموزان اثربخش بوده و به دست‌اندرکارن توصیه می گردد از این روش استفاده نمایند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Treatment of dictation learning disorders with the help of group rehabilitation

نویسندگان English

Maryam Moghadasi 1
Hosein sheybani 2
1 Master's student, Faculty of Psychology, Payam Noor University, Semnan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Recently, the issue of special learning disorders has been significantly noticed by experts and educational practitioners. One of the main problems faced by teachers in the classroom is the presence of students who do not have mental retardation or physical problems, but have a disorder or delay in the development of one or more basic processes, including speaking, reading, writing, arithmetic, etc.It causes weakness in social and emotional behaviors and as a result serious problems in their learning and academic activities. This article aims to determine the effect of group rehabilitation based on sensory integration on dictation problems of students with learning disabilities. The research method is semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and follow-up after one month.The sample included 30 students in two experimental and control groups. To collect data, from the Wechsler test to diagnose learning disorders, from the dictation sample and the frequency of dictation mistakes and teacher-made checklists to diagnose dictation disorders, from the sensory-motor integration questionnaire (Lincoln-Ozertsky) and the Serand test to detect sensory-motor integration problems used. Group exercises of sensory integration such as spatial visual perception, strengthening of fine and coarse skills, orientation, etc. caused the dictation weakness of students with learning disabilities to be removed, which made the results of the pre-test and post-test comparison meaningful. The findings of the research show that group rehabilitation based on sensory integration is effective on the dictation problems of this group of students and it is recommended for students to use this method.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

: Specific learning disorders
Wechsler test
group rehabilitation
dictation
sensory-motor integration
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