Adaptability plays an important role in ensuring mental and physical health and allows an individual to adapt to new situations and conditions and provide appropriate responses. Given the importance of social, emotional, and educational adaptation in students' academic success and psychological development, the use of group counseling interventions, especially with the approach of transactional behavior analysis (TA), can be considered as an effective method for strengthening these skills. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of group counseling with the approach of transactional behavior analysis on the components of social, emotional, and educational adaptation of female secondary school students. This study was designed as an experimental method with an experimental and control group. The statistical population included all female secondary school students in Ardabil city, and a sample of 30 students who had obtained the lowest adaptation scores were randomly selected and replaced in two experimental and control groups. The measurement tool was the Sinha and Singh Adaptability Questionnaire, which includes 60 questions in three areas of social, emotional, and educational adaptation. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics including analysis of covariance and independent groups t-test. The findings showed that group counseling with the interaction analysis approach had a significant effect on increasing students' adjustment in all three social, emotional and educational components (F=4.56, P<0.05). These results indicate that the aforementioned method has the ability to improve students' adjustment skills and promote their social interactions and academic success. The conclusion of the study indicates that group counseling with the interaction analysis approach, as an effective and operational intervention in schools, can play a key role in strengthening students' adjustment, preventing social and emotional maladjustments and improving academic performance, and the use of this method in school-based psychology programs is recommended.